The Chronology of Christ’s Crucifixion & Resurrection

The key to understanding the chronology of the events leading up to and including Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection is that there were two Sabbaths in that week, with a day of preparation between them. This makes all of the Gospels accounts fall into place. The fulfillment of Christ’s words become clear. A correct harmonization of all the facts will bear this out.

THE EVENTS: . HOW WE KNOW:

TUESDAY
Nisan 13

Jesus and the twelve disciples come into Jerusalem from Bethany, to partake of the Passover meal.
John and Peter were sent ahead of time to locate the place of the meal and to make preparations for it (Mark 14.12-16).
Mark 14.17

TUESDAY NIGHT (NISSAN 14 STARTS AT SUNDOWN)

Passover is observed on the 14th of Nisan every year (Leviticus 23.5). Jesus and His disciples partook of the Passover in the early evening of the previous day. (Days are calculated from sunset-to-sunset, not midnight-to-midnight.)
Gethsemane is at the foot of the Mount of Olives, not far from the brook Kidron, and takes its name from a cave there that contained an oil press — thus, Gat-Shmanim.

Jesus ate an early-evening Passover meal (The Last Supper) with His disciples. After the meal, He walks with His disciples towards the Mt. of Olives.
Jesus was betrayed by Judas at the olive grove in Gethsemane, arrested and brought before the high priest, Caiaphas.

Trial ends at daybreak. Still Nissan 14

“Worthy is the Lamb who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom
and might and honor and glory and blessing”
(Rev. 5:12)
There is no Passover apart from the Lamb of God, blessed be He forever and ever! Amen.

WEDNESDAY
Nisan 14 still till sundown

Preparation day for the annual, not weekly, Sabbath.
Passover lambs were killed [Therefore Yeshua is both rightly called the “Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world” (John 1:29) and “the Messiah our Passover Lamb who has been sacrificed for us” (1 Cor. 5:7).]

In the morning, Jesus was brought before Pilate the governor.

Jesus was crucified and dies around 3PM

Jesus’ body was placed in the tomb at twilight

Luke 23.44 shows that Jesus died around the ninth hour or approximately 3PM. He would have been buried before sunset because of the approaching Sabbath, for that Sabbath day was a high-day (John 19.31).

  • Pesach represents our salvation and deliverance by the sacrifice of the Lamb of God, Yeshua the Mashiach. We are ‘righteoused’ by trusting in the faithful act of Jesus’ sacrificial blood of the Lamb of God (Rev. 7:14; 2 Cor. 5:21).

WEDNESDAY NIGHT AT SUNSET
**NISSAN 15 BEGINS** PASSOVER

Annual Sabbath begins at sunset. Sunset at this time of year in Jerusalem, is about 6:30 to 7:00 PM.
John 19.31 mentions that the day following Jesus’ crucifixion was a high day as opposed to the weekly seventh-day Sabbath. TWO Sabbaths – first an annual Holy Day and then the regular weekly Sabbath – are mentioned in the Gospel accounts. Compare Mark 16.1 with Luke 23.56

“This is the FIRST NIGHT” 

  • Chag HaMatzot represents our sanctification as we rid ourselves of the old leaven of “Egypt” and die to the carnal nature. In fact, this is represented by the burial of the Mashiach and our identification with His mortification.

THURSDAY till sundown
Nisan 15
This was the first annual Sabbath or high-day – the first day of Unleavened Bread.

Tomb is guarded and secured by sealing it with a stone.

The 15th of Nisan is the first Holy Day, high-day, or annual Sabbath of the 7-day festival of Unleavened Bread. It begins at sunset on the 14th.

This is the FIRST DAY

THURSDAY NIGHT NISSAN 16 BEGINS

The Passover “First High Day Sabbath ended at sundown

This is the “SECOND NIGHT” 

FRIDAY
Nisan 16 till sundown

With the annual Sabbath now over, the women bought and prepared spices for anointing Jesus’ body.

Mark 16:1 tells us, “And when the Sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene and Mary (the mother of James and Salome), bought sweet spices that they might come and anoint Him.” Luke’s account also describes how the women “prepared the spices and ointments” and then they “rested on the Sabbath day according to the commandment.” (Luke 23.56) Thus, according to these two accounts, they bought the spices and prepared them after the Sabbath and yet before the Sabbath. There had to be two Sabbaths involved here with a day of preparation between them. The women did the preparing during Friday day, but come evening it was already the normal weekly Shabbot

This is the SECOND DAY

FRIDAY SUNDOWN NISSAN 17 BEGINS

The weekly Sabbath begins at sunset Friday night. No work is to be done as commanded in the fourth commandment.

This is the THIRD NIGHT 

SATURDAY
Nisan 17

The weekly Sabbath.
The women rested on the weekly Sabbath.
Jesus rose around sunset, exactly three days and three nights (72 hours) after burial, to fulfill the sign of Jonah and authenticate Jesus’ messiahship.

Jesus’ promise was fulfilled exactly as he said it would. He said that, like the prophet Jonah, He would be entombed three days and three nights and that then He would be raised up from the dead the third day after His crucifixion and death (Matthew 12.39-40; 17.23; 20.19).

THIRD AND FINAL DAY YESHUA RISES AT THE END OF NISSAN 17

But in fact Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep. For as by a man came death, by a man has come also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive. But each in his own order: Christ the firstfruits, then at his coming those who belong to Christ. (1 Cor. 15:20-23)

The tombs also were opened. And many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep were raised, and coming out of the tombs after his resurrection they went into the holy city and appeared to many. (Matt. 27:52-53)

“Blessed be God, the Father of our Lord Yeshua the Messiah,
who, according to His great mercy, has caused us to be born again
to a living hope because of the resurrection of Yeshua the Messiah from the dead.” 1 Peter 1:3

SATURDAY NIGHT INTO SUNDAY MORNING
FIRST HOURS OF FIRST DAY SUNDAY NISSAN 18

The weekly Sabbath ends at sunset Saturday night!!
The women brought the prepared spices early in the morning while it was still dark. When they arrived they found that Jesus had already arisen.
Jesus’ resurrection had already taken place by the time Mary Magdalene arrived at dawn Sunday morning. (John 20.1-2) In Matthew’s account he states that “In the end of [or after] the Sabbath(s), as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week” they came to see the sepulchre (Mt. 28.1) The original Greek word used here for Sabbath is actually plural and should be translated “Sabbaths.”
Annual Sabbath begins at sunset. Sunset at this time of year in Jerusalem, is about 6:30 to 7:00 PM.

 

Tuesday, the Thirteenth of Nissan: The disciples ask Yeshua about the arrangements for Passover.

Tuesday evening (under Jewish Law it is considered as Wedneday, the Fourteenth of Nissan: Yeshua eats the “Last Supper” and departs to pray in the Garden of Gethsemane.

Continuation of Wednesday, the Fourteenth of Nissan: Yeshua is arrested while praying in the early hours (after midnight).

He is taken to be examined and tried. He is found guilty of blasphemy by the chief priests and Sanhedrin (early morning hours- perhaps between the hours of 2:00am to 6:00am).

He was then sent first to Pontius Pilate and then to Herod, who returned Him to Pilate for judgment. Both men were in Jerusalem and this it was Pilate who gave the orders to have Him scourged. The process began at the third hour.

The scourging, beating, and other acts of abuse continued near the noon hour when Pilate examines Yeshua an additional time. Pilate desired and tried to release Him offering the people a choice between Barabbas and Yeshua, according to the tradition of the Romans to release a prisoner before Passover. The people chose Barabbas and at the request of the people, Yeshua was crucified. This began once again near the noon time.

From the sixth hour (noon) to the ninth hour (3:00 pm) darkness was upon the land. It was during this time that the veil of the Temple (leading into the Holy of Holies) was torn in the middle from top to bottom. It was shortly after this that Yeshua gave up His Spirit and died.

His dead body hung on the cross until evening time approached. After the Jewish leaders requested that the bodies be removed, Joseph of Arimathaea came and asked for the body of Yeshua. It was Joseph of Arimathaea with the help of Nicodemus that buried Yeshua while the women looked on.

Wednesday evening (Thursday, the Fifteenth of Nissan): All Jewish people, including Yeshua’s disciples ate the Passover and observed the Seder.

Continuation of Thurday, the Fifteenth of Nissan: The people would have awoken to observe this day as a Shabbat and therefore all work is forbidden. Yeshua completes the first full day in the tomb.

Friday, the Sixteenth of Nissan: The women prepared the spices and ointment to properly complete the task that Joseph and Nicodemus had began Wednesday late afternoon. Although the women finished preparing the spices for the burial, the seventh day Shabbat approached and they observed the commandment and waited unto the first day of the week to properly prepare Yeshua’s body for burial. Yeshua completes His second full day in the tomb

Shabbat, the Seventeenth of Nissan: The Shabbat is observed by all.

When the Shabbat is over (shortly after Sundown Saturday night-according to Jewish law this is the first day of the week) Yeshua completes three full days and nights in the tomb and rises from the dead.

Sunday- the first day of the week, the Eighteenth of Nissan: Yeshua rises from the dead at the beginning of this day (Saturday night). The women brought the prepared spices early in the morning while it was still dark. When they arrived they found that Jesus had already arisen.
Jesus’ resurrection had already taken place by the time Mary Magdalene arrived at dawn Sunday morning. (John 20.1-2)

 

 

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